What are limits and consequences?
When referring to limits we are talking about the behaviors and actions of your child that are appropriate. For example, if your child was helping you grocery shop and staying next to the cart then they would be following your limits. If your child was screaming in the store and pulling everything off the shelves then that behavior would not be within your limits.
The thing that you have to make sure you do though is discuss with your child what the limits are. You can't expect a child to just know something if you don't teach them first. Sit down with your children on a regular basis to discuss their behavior. This involves what they are doing well as well as what they need to improve in. Ask them what kind of behavior they would like to see from you as well. You will be surprised to hear what your children might say if you just ask them.
Consequences refers to the something that is a result of a certain behavior or attitude. These can be both positive or negative. The thing to remember is that you want the consequence to be in the same category or level of the behavior. Disciplining to harshly will make the child feel bad about themselves and want help them learn from their action. A consequence that is to light, will also not teach the child that their behavior is inappropriate. You have to find a balance.
Why are limits important?
In Successful Marriages and Families Hawkins says, "just as the rod is used to gently nudge sheep away from dangerous places, setting limits around potentially harmful influences (for example, inappropriate media and early dating) helps children feel sager and more secure. Keeping our children safe and out of harms way is one of the greatest responsibilities of parents. By setting limits effectively we can help them stay safe and know that they are loved. Setting limits needs to be combined with empathy. You don't want to bully or coerce your child into doing what you want. You instead should correct their behavior in a loving manner.
Limits and consequences provide the necessary structure that children need in their lives in order to develop properly into adults. Limits teach children self-control and that they are responsible for their own actions.
What can I do to improve setting limits and following through with consequences?
First, you need to have the ability to tell your child 'No', and explain why. Simply saying no, will often just get you a million questions about why not. Communicate clearly the first time so that there is no misunderstandings.
Second, prepare your child ahead of time. If you know that you are going to go to the grocery store in the middle of snack time, bring something for them to munch on. Explain to them that we aren't getting any snacks to eat right than, but they can bring something from home.
Third, when you need to correct your child don't be intimidating. Hovering over them, shouting, or making threatening gestures is counterproductive to teaching them. It helps to get down to their level and to look at them in the eye. Watch your facial expressions, body language, and tone of voice.
Personal Application
As a new mom everything is a learning experience for me. I have learned that there is a find line in which you can set limits for a baby. The most important thing that an infant can get is love from their parents. Displaying love to your child is how they develop a good attachment with their parent, which will benefit them in all other areas of their lives as they mature. When dealing with an infant I have learned that you have to remember that they don't really know anything. It's your responsibility to gently teach them. For example, our daughter really likes outlets. It's not safe for her to play with them though, even with a cover on. So when she goes over to the outlet I look at her and say no. Sometimes she listens, but other times I need to go and pick her up and give her another toy to play with. Even though she is only 10 months old I can still set limits for her.
I really believe that children need limits and consequences. However, it's important that we don't look at consequences as simply a form of punishment. I want to show my children that consequences can be positive. Say you call your child in to ask them to set the table for dinner. After they have done it make sure that you acknowledge how great they did and how much you appreciate it and their good attitude. Making this a frequent part of your routine will not only show your children how much they are valued and worth, but it will also encourage to make the right choices as they get older.
I have noticed as my short time as a mom that it's really important to parameters of what kind of behavior is appropriate and inappropriate. This means that we need to correct in the negative behavior and praise and reward the positive behavior.
Scripture Reference
D&C 121:41-43
41 No power or influence can or ought to be maintained by virtue of the priesthood, only by persuasion, by long-suffering, by gentleness and meekness, and by love unfeigned;
42 By kindness, and pure knowledge, which shall greatly enlarge the soul without hypocrisy, and without guile—
43 Reproving betimes with sharpness, when moved upon by the Holy Ghost; and then showing forth afterwards an increase of love toward him whom thou hast reproved, lest he esteem thee to be his enemy.
I don't think that there is a better verse in any of the scriptures to describe how we should parent our children. There have been many studies that have addressed that the best form of parenting style is authoritative. This means that we have expectations of our children and clear guidelines. There are also consequences for all actions. However, authoritative parents find a balance when disciplining their children with being firm and nurturing.
As parents we have a sacred responsibility to not only love our children, but to teach them and guide them. Their is no other institution that can take place of what parents can provide for their children's emotional and mental needs. Children are like flowers; they thrive in light, happiness, and a positive environment. If they are surrounded by darkness or anger they will not flourish and their self-esteem will wilt.
Sources
- Setting Limits & Standing Firm
- Love, Limits, & Empathy
- Parenting with Love and Logical Consequences
- Parents Have a Sacred Duty
- How to Set Effective Limits for Your Child
- Successful Marriages and Families (Ch. 10)- Hawkins

